Pet Diabetes : What You Need To Know

November marks Diabetes Awareness Month, and it’s not just humans who are affected. Pet diabetes is a growing concern among pet owners, but the good news is, with proper care, it’s manageable.

Our experienced veterinary team is here to help you understand how to recognise and manage this condition, ensuring your pet enjoys a long, healthy life.

Read on to learn about the symptoms, treatment options, and daily care tips to help your furry friend thrive despite a diabetes diagnosis.

Diabetes mellitus in pets occurs when the body struggles to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. This happens either due to inadequate insulin production or the body’s inability to use insulin effectively. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, is responsible for allowing glucose to enter cells and be used as energy.

There are two types of diabetes commonly seen in pets:

• Type 1 Diabetes: An insulin-dependent condition, more commonly found in dogs, where the body doesn’t produce enough insulin.
• Type 2 Diabetes: More often seen in overweight cats, this type occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t use it properly.

Diabetes affects about 1 in 200 dogs and 1 in 230 cats, though these numbers may be underreported. As veterinary awareness of the condition increases, more cases are being diagnosed, and treatment options are improving. Early detection can significantly improve the outlook for pets diagnosed with diabetes.

Spotting the early signs of diabetes is crucial for effective treatment. Common symptoms include:

• Increased Thirst and Urination: A common early sign, as the body tries to expel excess glucose through urine.
• Weight Loss Despite Increased Appetite: If your pet is eating more but still losing weight, it could be a sign that glucose is not being used properly.
• Lethargy: A decrease in energy and activity levels may indicate diabetes.
• Cloudy Eyes in Dogs: Cataracts can develop in diabetic dogs, which may eventually cause blindness if untreated.
• Unkempt Coat in Cats: Cats with diabetes may stop grooming themselves, leading to a matted or greasy coat.

Several factors can make pets more susceptible to diabetes:

• Obesity: Overweight pets are more likely to develop diabetes, especially cats. Keeping your pet at a healthy weight can lower this risk.
• Age: Middle-aged and senior pets are more prone to diabetes, particularly in dogs and cats.
• Breed: Certain breeds are at a higher risk. For instance, Australian Terriers, Poodles, and Schnauzers are more prone to diabetes, as are Burmese cats.
• Gender: Female dogs and neutered male cats are more likely to develop diabetes.
• Other Health Issues: Pets with pancreatitis or other medical conditions may be more at risk.

At Reedy Creek Vet, we use blood and urine tests to diagnose diabetes. These tests will reveal elevated glucose levels. Your vet may also conduct other checks to rule out infections or hormonal imbalances that could affect diabetes management.

With proper care, diabetic pets can live long, fulfilling lives. Here’s how we approach diabetes management at Reedy Creek Vet:

• Insulin Therapy: Most diabetic pets will require daily insulin injections. Our team will guide you through this process, and while it may seem intimidating at first, it will soon become a manageable routine.
• Dietary Management: A balanced diet is key in diabetes care. Dogs with diabetes may benefit from high-fibre diets, while cats often need a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet. Consistent feeding schedules are critical.
• Exercise: Moderate exercise helps regulate blood sugar levels, especially in dogs. Maintaining a consistent activity level is important to avoid sudden blood sugar drops.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood glucose is essential for managing diabetes. Your pet may need periodic vet visits, or you can monitor levels at home using a glucose metre.

If left untreated, diabetes can lead to serious health complications, such as:

• Ketoacidosis: A potentially life-threatening condition caused by a buildup of acids in the blood due to high glucose levels.
• Cataracts in Dogs: Diabetic dogs often develop cataracts, which can lead to blindness if untreated.
• Neuropathy in Cats: Prolonged high blood sugar can cause weakness in the hind legs, known as diabetic neuropathy.

The earlier diabetes is detected, the easier it is to manage. Routine check-ups at Reedy Creek Vet, especially as your pet ages, are essential. If your pet is diagnosed with diabetes, we’ll work with you to create a personalised treatment plan to ensure your pet’s well-being.

Pet diabetes is a serious condition, but with early detection and proper management, your pet can continue to live a full and happy life.

If you’ve noticed any of the symptoms mentioned or have concerns about your pet’s health, schedule a check-up us today. Our dedicated team is here to help you and your pet every step of the way.